chore: update rust to 1.83.0 #2856

Job	Run time
schema-engine-cli on ubuntu-latest	1m 58s
prisma-fmt on ubuntu-latest	1m 10s
query-engine on ubuntu-latest	1m 57s
query-engine-node-api on ubuntu-latest	1m 58s
schema-engine-cli on windows-latest	1m 45s
React Native / Android build for commit eb334c14eb1d209e2339edbf5e7b9362067b317a	2m 0s
prisma-fmt on windows-latest	1m 50s
query-engine on windows-latest	1m 46s
React Native / iOS build for commit eb334c14eb1d209e2339edbf5e7b9362067b317a	2m 3s
query-engine-node-api on windows-latest	1m 50s
schema-engine-cli on macos-13	1m 45s
prisma-fmt on macos-13	1m 46s
query-engine on macos-13	1m 45s
query-engine-node-api on macos-13	1m 46s
	25m 19s

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