sqlite: disable memstatus APIs at build time

[cjihrig]

This commit defines SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS=0 for the SQLite build. This setting disables several currently unused C APIs in SQLite, which can yield noticeable performance improvements. This setting is also used by better-sqlite, and is one of the recommended compile-time options in the SQLite docs.

The disabled APIs are used to report statistics about SQLite's memory usage. The drawback to this change is that those APIs could possibly be useful one day. I think the perf tradeoff and prior art make this change worth it.

Refs: https://sqlite.org/compile.html

I tested this code against main, this PR, and better-sqlite by changing the `require()` calls. On my machine, this PR was the fastest (6.4 seconds), followed by better-sqlite (6.7 seconds), followed by main (7.6 seconds).

'use strict';
const { strictEqual } = require('node:assert');
const { DatabaseSync: Database } = require('node:sqlite');
// const Database = require('better-sqlite3');
const N = 1_000_000;
const db = new Database(':memory:');

db.exec('PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL');
db.exec('CREATE TABLE data(key INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, created_at TEXT DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP) STRICT');

const start = performance.now();

for (let i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
  const insert = db.prepare('INSERT INTO data (key) values (?)');
  strictEqual(insert.run(i).lastInsertRowid, i);
  const query = db.prepare('SELECT created_at FROM data WHERE key = ?');
  strictEqual(typeof query.get(i).created_at, 'string');
}

const end = performance.now();
db.close();
console.log('elapsed:', end - start);

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/gyp
• @nodejs/security-wg

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/64430/