Prevent race condition when starting bgw

src/pgduckdb_background_worker.cpp

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #include "miscadmin.h"
 #include "pgstat.h"
 #include "executor/spi.h"
+#include "common/file_utils.h"
 #include "postmaster/bgworker.h"
 #include "postmaster/interrupt.h"
 #include "storage/ipc.h"
@@ -57,10 +58,17 @@ static bool is_background_worker = false;
 static std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> last_known_motherduck_catalog_versions;
 static uint64 initial_cache_version = 0;
 
+bool CanTakeLockForDatabase(Oid database_oid);
+
 extern "C" {
+
 PGDLLEXPORT void
 pgduckdb_background_worker_main(Datum /* main_arg */) {
 	elog(LOG, "started pg_duckdb background worker");
+	if (!CanTakeLockForDatabase(0)) {
+		elog(LOG, "pg_duckdb background worker: could not take lock for database '%u'. Will exit.", 0);
+		return;
+	}
 	// Set up a signal handler for SIGTERM
 	pqsignal(SIGTERM, die);
 	BackgroundWorkerUnblockSignals();
@@ -151,6 +159,36 @@ bool HasBgwRunningForMyDatabase() {
 	return false;
 }
 
+/*
+Attempts to take a lock on a file named 'pgduckdb_worker_<database_oid>.lock'
+If the lock is taken, the function returns true. If the lock is not taken, the function returns false.
+*/
+bool CanTakeLockForDatabase(Oid database_oid) {
+	char lock_file_name[MAXPGPATH];
+	snprintf(lock_file_name, MAXPGPATH, "%s/%s.pgduckdb_worker.%d",
+			 DataDir, PG_TEMP_FILE_PREFIX,
+			 database_oid);
+
+	auto fd = open(lock_file_name,  O_RDWR | O_CREAT, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		auto err = strerror(errno);
+		elog(ERROR, "Could not take lock on file '%s': %s", lock_file_name, err);
+	}
+
+	// Take exclusive lock on the file
+	auto ret = flock(fd, LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB);
+	if (ret == EWOULDBLOCK) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (ret != 0) {
+		auto err = strerror(errno);
+		elog(ERROR, "Could not take lock on file '%s': %s", lock_file_name, err);
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 /*
 Will start the background worker if:
 - MotherDuck is enabled (TODO: should be database-specific)
@@ -640,6 +678,7 @@ SyncMotherDuckCatalogsWithPg_Cpp(bool drop_with_cascade) {
 		if (current_motherduck_catalog_version) {
 			pfree(current_motherduck_catalog_version);
 		}
+
 		current_motherduck_catalog_version = pstrdup(catalog_version.c_str());
 		MemoryContextSwitchTo(old_context);