requirements: update protobuf requirement from <3.20.4 to <4.24.4

Updates the requirements on [protobuf](https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf) to permit the latest version.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/main/protobuf_release.bzl)
- [Commits](protocolbuffers/protobuf@v2.4.1...v4.24.3)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: protobuf
  dependency-type: direct:production
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <[email protected]>

requirements.txt

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ packaging<24.0
 pandas<2.1.1
 pillow<10.1.0
 pint<0.22.0
-protobuf<3.20.4
+protobuf<4.24.4
 rich>=10.1, <10.13
 toposort<1.11
 torch>=1.8.0, <2.1.0; (platform_machine == 'AMD64' or platform_machine == 'x86_64') and platform_python_implementation == 'CPython' and implementation_name == 'cpython'