Add general part

[juliettelavoie]

Pull Request Checklist:

• This PR addresses an already opened issue (for bug fixes / features)
  • This PR fixes #xyz
• Tests for the changes have been added (for bug fixes / features)
  • (If applicable) Documentation has been added / updated (for bug fixes / features)
• CHANGELOG.rst has been updated (with summary of main changes)
  • Link to issue (:issue:number) and pull request (:pull:number) has been added

What kind of change does this PR introduce?

• New function general_partition to calculate partition of uncertainty over a given list of dimensions.

Does this PR introduce a breaking change?

no

Other information:

Developped for "On the importance of the reference data: Uncertainty partitioning of bias-adjusted climate simulations over Quebec" by Lavoie et al. (submitted in 2024) (presented at the last jamboree)
Code for the paper here: https://github.com/Ouranosinc/partition

[Zeitsperre]

A few nitpicks, but it looks good AFAICT. I'll leave someone to give you the go-ahead.

[coveralls]

coverage: 89.726% (-0.01%) from 89.737%
when pulling 7e09f65 on add_general_part
into b73841a on main.

[juliettelavoie]

FYI, I am trying to re-run the code for my paper with this and the xscen updated branches to make sure I get the same as with my old env. I am having a few issues with dask. I will merge this when I fix my issues and can confirm that the my code is reproducible.