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LoRaSim_Event_driven_traffic.py
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"""
LoRaSim: simulate collisions in LoRa
Copyright © 2016 Thiemo Voigt <[email protected]> and Martin Bor <[email protected]>
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License. To view a copy of this license,
visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Do LoRa Low-Power Wide-Area Networks Scale? Martin Bor, Utz Roedig, Thiemo Voigt
and Juan Alonso, MSWiM '16, http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2988287.2989163
$Date: 2016-10-17 13:23:52 +0100 (Mon, 17 Oct 2016) $
$Revision: 218 $
"""
"""
SYNOPSIS:
./loraDir.py <nodes> <avgsend> <experiment> <simtime> <packet length> [collision]
DESCRIPTION:
nodes
number of nodes to simulate
avgsend
average sending interval in milliseconds
experiment
experiment is an integer that determines with what radio settings the
simulation is run. All nodes are configured with a fixed transmit power
and a single transmit frequency, unless stated otherwise.
0 use the settings with the the slowest datarate (SF12, BW125, CR4/8).
1 similair to experiment 0, but use a random choice of 3 transmit
frequencies.
2 use the settings with the fastest data rate (SF6, BW500, CR4/5).
3 optimise the setting per node based on the distance to the gateway.
4 use the settings as defined in LoRaWAN (SF12, BW125, CR4/5).
5 similair to experiment 3, but also optimises the transmit power.
simtime
total running time in milliseconds
collision
set to 1 to enable the full collision check, 0 to use a simplified check.
With the simplified check, two messages collide when they arrive at the
same time, on the same frequency and spreading factor. The full collision
check considers the 'capture effect', whereby a collision of one or the
OUTPUT
The result of every simulation run will be appended to a file named expX.dat,
whereby X is the experiment number. The file contains a space separated table
of values for nodes, collisions, transmissions and total energy spent. The
data file can be easily plotted using e.g. gnuplot.
"""
import simpy
import random
import math
import sys
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import os
import csv
from progressbarsimple import ProgressBar
from progress.bar import Bar
import winsound
# do the full collision check
full_collision = True
# experiments:
# 0: packet with longest airtime, aloha-style experiment
# 0: one with 3 frequencies, 1 with 1 frequency
# 2: with shortest packets, still aloha-style
# 3: with shortest possible packets depending on distance
# this is an array with measured values for sensitivity
# see paper, Table 3
sf7 = np.array([7, -126.5, -124.25, -120.75])
sf8 = np.array([8, -127.25, -126.75, -124.0])
sf9 = np.array([9, -131.25, -128.25, -127.5])
sf10 = np.array([10, -132.75, -130.25, -128.75])
sf11 = np.array([11, -134.5, -132.75, -128.75])
sf12 = np.array([12, -133.25, -132.25, -132.25])
#
# check for collisions at base station
# Note: called before a packet (or rather node) is inserted into the list
#
# conditions for collions:
# 1. same sf
# 2. frequency, see function below (Martins email, not implementet yet):
def checkcollision(packet):
col = 0 # flag needed since there might be several collisions for packet
processing = 0
global packetsAtBS
for i in range(0, len(packetsAtBS)):
if packetsAtBS[i].packet.processed == 1:
processing = processing + 1
if (processing > maxBSReceives):
# print("too long: {}".format(len(packetsAtBS)))
packet.processed = 0
else:
packet.processed = 1
if packetsAtBS:
# print("CHECK node {} (sf:{} bw:{} freq:{:.6e}) others: {}".format(
# packet.nodeid, packet.sf, packet.bw, packet.freq,
# len(packetsAtBS)))
for other in packetsAtBS:
if other.nodeid != packet.nodeid:
# print(">> node {} (sf:{} bw:{} freq:{:.6e})".format(
# other.nodeid, other.packet.sf, other.packet.bw, other.packet.freq))
# simple collision
if frequencyCollision(packet, other.packet) \
and sfCollision(packet, other.packet):
if full_collision:
if timingCollision(packet, other.packet):
# check who collides in the power domain
c = powerCollision(packet, other.packet)
# mark all the collided packets
# either this one, the other one, or both
for p in c:
p.collided = 1
if p == packet:
col = 1
else:
# no timing collision, all fine
pass
else:
packet.collided = 1
other.packet.collided = 1 # other also got lost, if it wasn't lost already
col = 1
return col
return 0
#
# frequencyCollision, conditions
#
# |f1-f2| <= 120 kHz if f1 or f2 has bw 500
# |f1-f2| <= 60 kHz if f1 or f2 has bw 250
# |f1-f2| <= 30 kHz if f1 or f2 has bw 125
def frequencyCollision(p1, p2):
if abs(p1.freq - p2.freq) <= 120 and (p1.bw == 500 or p2.bw == 500):
# print("frequency coll 500")
return True
elif abs(p1.freq - p2.freq) <= 60 and (p1.bw == 250 or p2.bw == 250):
# print("frequency coll 250")
return True
else:
if abs(p1.freq - p2.freq) <= 30:
# print("frequency coll 125")
return True
# else:
# print("no frequency coll")
return False
#
# sfCollision, conditions
#
# sf1 == sf2
#
def sfCollision(p1, p2):
if p1.sf == p2.sf:
# print("collision sf node {} and node {}".format(p1.nodeid, p2.nodeid))
# p2 may have been lost too, will be marked by other checks
return True
# print("no sf collision")
return False
def powerCollision(p1, p2):
powerThreshold = 6 # dB
# print("pwr: node {0.nodeid} {0.rssi:3.2f} dBm node {1.nodeid} {1.rssi:3.2f} dBm; diff {2:3.2f} dBm".format(p1, p2,
# round(
# p1.rssi - p2.rssi,
# 2)))
if abs(p1.rssi - p2.rssi) < powerThreshold:
# print("collision pwr both node {} and node {}".format(p1.nodeid, p2.nodeid))
# packets are too close to each other, both collide
# return both packets as casualties
return (p1, p2)
elif p1.rssi - p2.rssi < powerThreshold:
# p2 overpowered p1, return p1 as casualty
# print("collision pwr node {} overpowered node {}".format(p2.nodeid, p1.nodeid))
return (p1,)
# print("p1 wins, p2 lost")
# p2 was the weaker packet, return it as a casualty
return (p2,)
def timingCollision(p1, p2):
# assuming p1 is the freshly arrived packet and this is the last check
# we've already determined that p1 is a weak packet, so the only
# way we can win is by being late enough (only the first n - 5 preamble symbols overlap)
# assuming 8 preamble symbols
Npream = 8
# we can lose at most (Npream - 5) * Tsym of our preamble
Tpreamb = 2 ** p1.sf / (1.0 * p1.bw) * (Npream - 5)
# check whether p2 ends in p1's critical section
p2_end = p2.addTime + p2.rectime
p1_cs = env.now + Tpreamb
# print("collision timing node {} ({},{},{}) node {} ({},{})".format(
# p1.nodeid, env.now - env.now, p1_cs - env.now, p1.rectime,
# p2.nodeid, p2.addTime - env.now, p2_end - env.now
# ))
if p1_cs < p2_end:
# p1 collided with p2 and lost
# print("not late enough")
return True
# print("saved by the preamble")
return False
# this function computes the airtime of a packet
# according to LoraDesignGuide_STD.pdf
#
def airtime(sf, cr, pl, bw):
H = 0 # implicit header disabled (H=0) or not (H=1)
DE = 0 # low data rate optimization enabled (=1) or not (=0)
Npream = 8 # number of preamble symbol (12.25 from Utz paper)
if bw == 125 and sf in [11, 12]:
# low data rate optimization mandated for BW125 with SF11 and SF12
DE = 1
if sf == 6:
# can only have implicit header with SF6
H = 1
Tsym = (2.0 ** sf) / bw
Tpream = (Npream + 4.25) * Tsym
# print("sf", sf, " cr", cr, "pl", pl, "bw", bw)
payloadSymbNB = 8 + max(math.ceil((8.0 * pl - 4.0 * sf + 28 + 16 - 20 * H) / (4.0 * (sf - 2 * DE))) * (cr + 4), 0)
Tpayload = payloadSymbNB * Tsym
# print("Airtime:",Tpream + Tpayload)
return Tpream + Tpayload
# pulse function δ that defines the event (burst traffic) duration
# return 1 if the event is happening and 0 if not
def d(z):
# if 0 <= z <= BURST_DURATION:
if z >= 0:
return 1
else:
return 0
#
# this function creates a node
#
class myNode():
def __init__(self, nodeid, bs, period, packetlen):
self.nodeid = nodeid
self.period = period
self.bs = bs
self.x = 0
self.y = 0
# this is very complex prodecure for placing nodes
# and ensure minimum distance between each pair of nodes
found = 0
rounds = 0
global nodes
while found == 0 and rounds < 100:
a = random.random()
b = random.random()
if b < a:
a, b = b, a
posx = b * maxDist * math.cos(2 * math.pi * a / b) + bsx
posy = b * maxDist * math.sin(2 * math.pi * a / b) + bsy
if len(nodes) > 0:
for index, n in enumerate(nodes):
dist = np.sqrt(((abs(n.x - posx)) ** 2) + ((abs(n.y - posy)) ** 2))
if dist >= 10:
found = 1
self.x = posx
self.y = posy
else:
rounds = rounds + 1
if rounds == 100:
print("could not place new node, giving up")
exit(-1)
else:
# print("first node")
self.x = posx
self.y = posy
found = 1
# distance from the Gateway (base station)
self.dist = np.sqrt((self.x - bsx) * (self.x - bsx) + (self.y - bsy) * (self.y - bsy))
# print('node %d' % nodeid, "x", self.x, "y", self.y, "dist: ", self.dist)
self.packet = myPacket(self.nodeid, packetlen, self.dist)
self.sent = 0
# distance from the event epicenter
self.dist_epicenter = np.sqrt((self.x - evep_x) * (self.x - evep_x) + (self.y - evep_y) * (self.y - evep_y))
# parameters for event generated traffic
if T_MODEL == 'RAISEDCOS':
self.delta_n = None # spatial correlation factor
if self.dist_epicenter < d_th:
self.delta_n = 1
on_fire_ids.append(self.nodeid)
elif d_th <= self.dist_epicenter < (2 * W - d_th):
self.delta_n = 1 / 2 * (1 - np.sin((np.pi * (self.dist_epicenter - W)) / (2 * (W - d_th))))
on_danger_ids.append(self.nodeid)
elif self.dist_epicenter >= 2 * W - d_th:
self.delta_n = 0
normal_ids.append(self.nodeid)
elif T_MODEL == 'DECAYINGEXP':
self.delta_n = np.exp(-a * self.dist_epicenter)
if self.dist_epicenter < d_th:
on_fire_ids.append(self.nodeid)
elif d_th < self.dist_epicenter < 2 * W - d_th:
on_danger_ids.append(self.nodeid)
elif self.dist_epicenter >= 2 * W - d_th:
normal_ids.append(self.nodeid)
if PROG_BAR:
myProgressBar.progress(len(nodes))
def get_rate(self):
lamda = random.choices(population=[6, 2, 1, 0.5], weights=[0.05, 0.25, 0.4, 0.3])
return lamda[0] / 3600000
def theta_helper(self, t):
return d(t - t_e - (self.dist_epicenter / Up) * 1000)
def theta(self, t):
return self.theta_helper(t) * self.delta_n
#
# this function creates a packet (associated with a node)
# it also sets all parameters, currently random
#
class myPacket():
def __init__(self, nodeid, plen, distance):
global experiment
global Ptx
global gamma
global d0
global var
global Lpld0
global GL
self.nodeid = nodeid
self.txpow = Ptx
self.airt = 0
# randomize configuration values
# self.sf = random.choice([12,11,11,10,10,10,10,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8])
# self.sf = random.choice([8,9,10,11,12])
# self.sf = random.choice([8,8,8,9,9,9,10,10,11,12])
# self.sf = random.choice([12,11,11,10,10,10,9,9,9,9,8,8,8,8,8])
# self.sf = random.choice([8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,10,10,10,10,10,11,11,11,12])
# self.sf = random.choice([8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,9,9,9,9,9,9,10,10,10,10,11,11,12])
self.cr = random.randint(1, 4)
# self.bw = random.choice([125, 250, 500])
# for certain experiments override these
if experiment == 1 or experiment == 0:
self.sf = 12
self.cr = 4
self.bw = 125
# for certain experiments override these
if experiment == 2:
self.sf = 6
self.cr = 1
self.bw = 500
# lorawan
if experiment == 4:
self.sf = 12
self.cr = 1
self.bw = 125
# for experiment 3 find the best setting
# OBS, some hardcoded values
Prx = self.txpow ## zero path loss by default
# log-shadow
Lpl = Lpld0 + 10 * gamma * math.log(distance / d0)
# print("Lpl:", Lpl)
# Prx = self.txpow - GL - Lpl
if (experiment == 3) or (experiment == 5):
minairtime = 9999
minsf = 0
minbw = 0
# print("Prx:", Prx)
self.cr = 1
self.bw = 125
self.sf = random.choice([7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 10, 10, 11, 12])
# self.sf = random.choice([12,11,11,10,10,10,10,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8])
# self.sf = random.choice([8,9,10,11,12])
# self.sf = random.choice([8,8,8,9,9,9,10,10,11,12])
# self.sf = random.choice([12,11,11,10,10,10,9,9,9,9,8,8,8,8,8])
# self.sf = random.choice([8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,10,10,10,10,10,11,11,11,12])
# self.sf = random.choice([8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,9,9,9,9,9,9,10,10,10,10,11,11,12])
at = airtime(self.sf, self.cr, plen, self.bw)
self.airt = at
if at < minairtime:
minairtime = at
minsf = self.sf
minbw = self.bw
minsensi = -88
if minairtime == 9999:
# print("does not reach base station")
exit(-1)
# print("best sf:", minsf, " best bw: ", minbw, "best airtime:", minairtime)
self.rectime = minairtime
self.bw = minbw
self.cr = 1
Ch = 0
h_b = 20
Lu = 69.55 + 26.16 * math.log10(self.bw) - 13.82 * math.log10(h_b) - Ch + (
44.9 - 6.55 * math.log10(h_b)) * math.log10(distance)
L0 = Lu - 4.78 * (math.log10(self.bw)) ** 2 + 18.33 * math.log10(self.bw) - 40.94
# print("L0:", L0)
# Prx = self.txpow - GL - L0
Prx = self.txpow - GL - Lpl
if experiment == 5:
# reduce the txpower if there's room left
self.txpow = max(2, self.txpow - math.floor(Prx - minsensi))
Prx = self.txpow - GL - Lpl
# Prx = self.txpow - GL - L0
# print('minsesi {} best txpow {}'.format(minsensi, self.txpow))
# transmission range, needs update XXX
self.transRange = 150
self.pl = plen
self.symTime = (2.0 ** self.sf) / self.bw
self.arriveTime = 0
self.rssi = Prx
# frequencies: lower bound + number of 61 Hz steps
# self.freq = 860000000 + random.randint(0,2622950)
# for certain experiments override these and
# choose some random frequences
self.freq = random.choice(
[868100000, 868300000, 868500000, 868700000, 868900000, 869100000, 869300000, 869500000])
# self.freq = random.choice([866500000,866700000,866900000,867100000,867300000,867500000,867700000,867900000,868100000, 868300000, 868500000,868700000,868900000,869100000,869300000,869500000])
# print("frequency", self.freq, "symTime ", self.symTime)
# print("bw", self.bw, "sf", self.sf, "cr", self.cr, "rssi", self.rssi)
self.rectime = airtime(self.sf, self.cr, self.pl, self.bw)
# print("rectime node ", self.nodeid, " ", self.rectime)
# denote if packet is collided
self.collided = 0
self.processed = 0
#
# main discrete event loop, runs for each node
# a global list of packet being processed at the gateway
# is maintained
#
def transmit(env, node):
while True:
# inter-arrival time
wtime = random.expovariate(node.get_rate())
yield env.timeout(wtime)
# packet arrives -> add to base station
node.sent = node.sent + 1
if node in packetsAtBS:
print("ERROR: packet already in")
else:
sensitivity = sensi[node.packet.sf - 7, [125, 250, 500].index(node.packet.bw) + 1]
if node.packet.rssi < sensitivity:
print("node {}: packet will be lost".format(node.nodeid))
node.packet.lost = True
else:
node.packet.lost = False
# adding packet if no collision
if checkcollision(node.packet) == 1:
node.packet.collided = 1
else:
node.packet.collided = 0
packetsAtBS.append(node)
node.packet.addTime = env.now
# time sending and receiving
yield env.timeout(node.packet.rectime)
if node.packet.lost:
global nrLost
nrLost += 1
if node.packet.collided == 1:
global nrCollisions
nrCollisions = nrCollisions + 1
if node.packet.collided == 0 and not node.packet.lost:
global nrReceived
nrReceived = nrReceived + 1
if node.packet.processed == 1:
global nrProcessed
nrProcessed = nrProcessed + 1
# complete packet has been received by base station
# can remove it
if node in packetsAtBS:
packetsAtBS.remove(node)
# reset the packet
node.packet.collided = 0
node.packet.processed = 0
node.packet.lost = False
global prev_time, pkts_sent, pkts_gen, pkts_sent_prev, pkts_gen_prev
sumsent = sum(s.sent for s in nodes)
if env.now - prev_time >= 100:
pkts_gen.append(sumsent - pkts_gen_prev)
pkts_sent.append(nrReceived - pkts_sent_prev)
time.append(env.now / 1000)
prev_time = env.now
pkts_gen_prev = sumsent
pkts_sent_prev = nrReceived
if PROG_BAR:
myProgressBar.progress(int(env.now))
# transmit event
def transmit_event(env, node):
# global nrReceived, nrLost, nrCollisions, nrProcessed
global prev_time, pkts_sent, pkts_gen, pkts_sent_prev, pkts_gen_prev, sumsent
global nrReceived, nrLost, nrCollisions, nrProcessed
while True:
p = random.uniform(0, 1)
# if p < node.theta(env.now) and node.nodeid not in nodes_burst_trx_ids:
if p < node.theta(env.now):
print("====Burst traffic!====, from node", node.nodeid, "at:", env.now)
nodes_burst_trx_ids.append(node.nodeid)
else:
wtime = random.expovariate(node.get_rate())
print("[DEBUG] wtime non burst traffic node:", wtime)
# fix bug for nodes affected by the effect that stay on idle during the event because of low arrival rate
if node.nodeid in on_fire_ids or node.nodeid in on_danger_ids:
if node.nodeid not in nodes_burst_trx_ids:
if wtime + env.now >= t_e + BURST_DURATION and env.now < t_e + BURST_DURATION:
if t_e <= env.now <= t_e + BURST_DURATION:
# wtime = env.now - t_e #+ BURST_DURATION*3/4
# wtime = env.now - t_e # + random.uniform(1, BURST_DURATION / 10)
# yield env.timeout(random.uniform(1,BURST_DURATION/10))
continue
else:
# wtime = t_e - env.now #+ BURST_DURATION*3/4
wtime = t_e - env.now # + random.uniform(1, BURST_DURATION / 10)
yield env.timeout(wtime)
continue
# nodes_burst_trx_ids.append(node.nodeid)
# continue
# print("----normal traffic----, wait:", wtime, "at:", env.now)
yield env.timeout(wtime)
# time sending and receiving
# packet arrives -> add to base station
node.sent = node.sent + 1
if node in packetsAtBS:
print("ERROR: packet already in")
else:
sensitivity = sensi[node.packet.sf - 7, [125, 250, 500].index(node.packet.bw) + 1]
if node.packet.rssi < sensitivity:
print("node {}: packet will be lost".format(node.nodeid))
node.packet.lost = True
else:
node.packet.lost = False
# adding packet if no collision
if checkcollision(node.packet) == 1:
node.packet.collided = 1
else:
node.packet.collided = 0
packetsAtBS.append(node)
node.packet.addTime = env.now
yield env.timeout(node.packet.rectime)
if node.packet.lost:
# global nrLost
nrLost = nrLost + 1
if node.packet.collided == 1:
# global nrCollisions
nrCollisions = nrCollisions + 1
if node.packet.collided == 0 and not node.packet.lost:
# global nrReceived
nrReceived = nrReceived + 1
if node.packet.processed == 1:
# global nrProcessed
nrProcessed = nrProcessed + 1
# complete packet has been received by base station
# can remove it
if node in packetsAtBS:
packetsAtBS.remove(node)
# reset the packet
node.packet.collided = 0
node.packet.processed = 0
node.packet.lost = False
# global prev_time, pkts_sent, pkts_gen, pkts_sent_prev, pkts_gen_prev, sumsent
sumsent = sum(s.sent for s in nodes)
if env.now - prev_time >= 100:
pkts_gen.append(sumsent - pkts_gen_prev)
pkts_sent.append(nrReceived - pkts_sent_prev)
time.append(env.now / 1000)
prev_time = env.now
pkts_gen_prev = sumsent
pkts_sent_prev = nrReceived
if PROG_BAR:
myProgressBar.progress(int(env.now))
def transmit_event2(env, node):
global prev_time, pkts_sent, pkts_gen, pkts_sent_prev, pkts_gen_prev, sumsent, nodes_burst_trx_ids, sumgenpkts, sum_airt, prev_sum_airt
global nrReceived, nrLost, nrCollisions, nrProcessed, busy
while True:
p = random.uniform(0, 1)
if p < node.theta(env.now) and node.nodeid not in nodes_burst_trx_ids and env.now >= t_e:
print("====Burst traffic!====, from node", node.nodeid, "at:", env.now)
nodes_burst_trx_ids.append(node.nodeid)
# time sending and receiving
# packet arrives -> add to base station
# send(node)
sumsent = sum(s.sent for s in nodes)
if env.now - prev_time >= 500 and not busy:
busy = True
pkts_gen.append(sumsent - pkts_gen_prev)
# pkts_gen.append(sumgenpkts - pkts_gen_prev)
pkts_sent.append(nrReceived - pkts_sent_prev)
time.append(env.now / 1000)
timeg.append(env.now / 1000)
times.append((env.now - max(sum_airt)) / 1000)
prev_time = env.now
pkts_gen_prev = sumsent
# pkts_gen_prev = sumgenpkts
pkts_sent_prev = nrReceived
print("time_sent:", env.now - max(sum_airt))
print("lag:", max(sum_airt))
print("avg. lag:", sum(sum_airt) / len(sum_airt))
print(env.now)
sum_airt = [0]
if PROG_BAR:
myProgressBar.progress(int(env.now))
busy = False
else:
sumsent = sum(s.sent for s in nodes)
if env.now - prev_time >= 500 and not busy:
busy = True
pkts_gen.append(sumsent - pkts_gen_prev)
# pkts_gen.append(sumgenpkts - pkts_gen_prev)
pkts_sent.append(nrReceived - pkts_sent_prev)
time.append(env.now / 1000)
timeg.append(env.now / 1000)
times.append((env.now - max(sum_airt)) / 1000)
prev_time = env.now
pkts_gen_prev = sumsent
# pkts_gen_prev = sumgenpkts
pkts_sent_prev = nrReceived
print("time_sent:", env.now - max(sum_airt))
print("lag:", max(sum_airt))
print("avg. lag:", sum(sum_airt) / len(sum_airt))
print(env.now)
sum_airt = [0]
if PROG_BAR:
myProgressBar.progress(int(env.now))
busy = False
wtime = random.expovariate(node.get_rate())
# if node.nodeid in on_fire_ids or node.nodeid in on_danger_ids:
# if node.nodeid in on_fire_ids:
if node.nodeid not in nodes_burst_trx_ids:
# if wtime + env.now >= t_e + BURST_DURATION and env.now < t_e + BURST_DURATION:
if wtime + env.now >= t_e:
# if t_e <= env.now <= t_e + BURST_DURATION:
if env.now >= t_e:
# yield env.timeout(500)
yield env.timeout(500)
yield env.timeout(random.uniform(0, 1))
# print("[debug] continue for node", node.nodeid, "till event at:", env.now)
continue
else:
# wtime = t_e - env.now #+ BURST_DURATION*3/4
wtime = t_e - env.now # + random.uniform(1, BURST_DURATION / 10)
# print("[debug] wtime=", wtime, "at:", env.now)
yield env.timeout(wtime)
yield env.timeout(random.uniform(0, 1))
# yield env.timeout(random.uniform(0, 1))
continue
else:
print("----DEBUG---- wtime:", wtime, "at:", env.now)
if node.nodeid in on_fire_ids or node.nodeid in on_danger_ids:
if node.nodeid not in nodes_burst_trx_ids:
print('----DEBUG----')
yield env.timeout(wtime)
# send(node)
# time sending and receiving
# packet arrives -> add to base station
node.sent = node.sent + 1
sumgenpkts = sumgenpkts + 1
if node in packetsAtBS:
print("ERROR: packet already in")
else:
sensitivity = sensi[node.packet.sf - 7, [125, 250, 500].index(node.packet.bw) + 1]
if node.packet.rssi < sensitivity:
print("node {}: packet will be lost".format(node.nodeid))
node.packet.lost = True
else:
node.packet.lost = False
# adding packet if no collision
if checkcollision(node.packet) == 1:
node.packet.collided = 1
else:
node.packet.collided = 0
packetsAtBS.append(node)
node.packet.addTime = env.now
yield env.timeout(node.packet.rectime)
if node.packet.lost:
# global nrLost
nrLost = nrLost + 1
if node.packet.collided == 1:
# global nrCollisions
nrCollisions = nrCollisions + 1
if node.packet.collided == 0 and not node.packet.lost:
# global nrReceived
nrReceived = nrReceived + 1
# print(env.now-node.packet.addTime,"=",node.packet.airt)
if node.packet.processed == 1:
# global nrProcessed
nrProcessed = nrProcessed + 1
sum_airt.append(node.packet.airt)
# complete packet has been received by base station
# can remove it
if node in packetsAtBS:
packetsAtBS.remove(node)
# reset the packet
node.packet.collided = 0
node.packet.processed = 0
node.packet.lost = False
# save stats for graphs
sumsent = sum(s.sent for s in nodes)
if env.now - prev_time >= 500 and not busy:
busy=True
pkts_gen.append(sumsent - pkts_gen_prev)
# pkts_gen.append(sumgenpkts - pkts_gen_prev)
pkts_sent.append(nrReceived - pkts_sent_prev)
time.append(env.now / 1000)
timeg.append(env.now / 1000)
times.append((env.now-max(sum_airt))/1000)
prev_time = env.now
pkts_gen_prev = sumsent
# pkts_gen_prev = sumgenpkts
pkts_sent_prev = nrReceived
print("time_sent:",env.now-max(sum_airt))
print("lag:",max(sum_airt))
print("avg. lag:", sum(sum_airt)/len(sum_airt))
print(env.now)
sum_airt=[0]
if PROG_BAR:
myProgressBar.progress(int(env.now))
busy=False
# print(env.now)
# yield env.timeout(100)
nodes = []
packetsAtBS = []
env = simpy.Environment()
# maximum number of packets the BS can receive at the same time
maxBSReceives = 8
# max distance: 300m in city, 3000 m outside (5 km Utz experiment)
# also more unit-disc like according to Utz
bsId = 1
nrCollisions = 0
nrReceived = 0
nrProcessed = 0
nrLost = 0
sumgenpkts = 0
sum_airt=[0]
prev_sum_airt=0
busy=False
Ptx = 14
gamma = 2.08
d0 = 1000.0
var = 0 # variance ignored for now
Lpld0 = 127.41
GL = 0
#
# "main" program
#
on_fire_ids = []
on_danger_ids = []
normal_ids = []
nodes_burst_trx_ids = []
global t_e # event start time
global myProgressBar
global pkts_sent, pkts_gen, timeg, times, prev_time, pkts_gen_prev, pkts_sent_prev
pkts_sent = []
pkts_gen = []
time = []
timeg = []
times = []
prev_time = 0
pkts_gen_prev = 0
pkts_sent_prev = 0
# event epicenter
evep_x = 3250
evep_y = 3250
d_th = 150 # cut-off distance
W = 200 # width of window
Up = 500 # event propagation speed
BURST_DURATION = 1000
# event driven traffic
EVENT_TRAFFIC = True
# EVENT_TRAFFIC = False
T_MODEL = 'RAISEDCOS'
# T_MODEL = 'DECAYINGEXP'
a = 0.005
# progressbar flag
PROG_BAR = False
if not EVENT_TRAFFIC:
Up = '-'
# random.seed(0)
# get arguments
if len(sys.argv) >= 6:
nrNodes = int(sys.argv[1])
avgSendTime = int(sys.argv[2])
experiment = int(sys.argv[3])
simtime = int(sys.argv[4])
payloadlen = int(sys.argv[5])
if len(sys.argv) > 6:
full_collision = bool(int(sys.argv[6]))
print("Nodes:", nrNodes)
print("AvgSendTime (exp. distributed):", avgSendTime)
print("Experiment: ", experiment)
print("Simtime: ", simtime)
print("payload size: ", payloadlen)
print("Full Collision: ", full_collision)
if PROG_BAR:
myProgressBar = ProgressBar(nElements=100, nIterations=simtime)
else:
print("usage: ./loraDir nrNodes avgSendTime experimentNr simtime payloadsize [full_collision]")
print("experiment 0 and 1 use 1 frequency only")
exit(-1)
if EVENT_TRAFFIC:
t_e = simtime / 2
print("Time of event:", t_e)
print("Event duration:", BURST_DURATION)
sensi = np.array([sf7, sf8, sf9, sf10, sf11, sf12])
minsensi = -132.5
if experiment in [0, 1, 4]:
minsensi = sensi[5, 2] # 5th row is SF12, 2nd column is BW125
elif experiment == 2:
minsensi = -112.0 # no experiments, so value from datasheet
elif experiment == 3:
minsensi = np.amin(sensi) # Experiment 3 can use any setting, so take minimum
# elif experiment == 5:
# minsensi = np.amin(sensi) # Experiment 5 can use any setting, so take minimum
Lpl = Ptx - minsensi
print("amin", minsensi, "Lpl", Lpl)
maxDist = d0 * (math.e ** ((Lpl - Lpld0) / (10.0 * gamma)))
print("maxDist:", maxDist)
# base station placement
bsx = maxDist + 10
bsy = maxDist + 10
xmax = bsx + maxDist + 20
ymax = bsy + maxDist + 20
for i in range(0, nrNodes):
# myNode takes period (in ms), base station id packetlen (in Bytes)
# 1000000 = 16 min
node = myNode(i, bsId, avgSendTime, payloadlen)
nodes.append(node)
if EVENT_TRAFFIC:
# env.process(transmit_event(env, node))
env.process(transmit_event2(env, node))
else:
env.process(transmit(env, node))
# prepare show
# start simulation
env.run(until=simtime)
nodes_burst_trx_ids = set(nodes_burst_trx_ids)
# pkts_sent.append(pkts_sent.pop(0))
times, pkts_sent = zip(*sorted(zip(times, pkts_sent)))
# print(stats and save into file
print("nrCollisions ", nrCollisions)
# compute energy
# Transmit consumption in mA from -2 to +17 dBm
TX = [22, 22, 22, 23, # RFO/PA0: -2..1
24, 24, 24, 25, 25, 25, 25, 26, 31, 32, 34, 35, 44, # PA_BOOST/PA1: 2..14
82, 85, 90, # PA_BOOST/PA1: 15..17
105, 115, 125] # PA_BOOST/PA1+PA2: 18..20
# mA = 90 # current draw for TX = 17 dBm
V = 3.0 # voltage XXX
sent = sum(n.sent for n in nodes)
# energy = sum(node.packet.rectime * TX[int(node.packet.txpow) + 2] * V * node.sent for node in nodes) / 1e6
energy = 0
print("energy (in J): ", energy)
print("sent packets: ", sent)
print("collisions: ", nrCollisions)
print("received packets: ", nrReceived)
print("processed packets: ", nrProcessed)
print("lost packets: ", nrLost)
# data extraction rate
der = (sent - nrCollisions) / float(sent)
print("DER:", der)
der2 = nrReceived / float(sent)
print("DER method 2:", der2)
# pdr = nrReceived / float(sent)
pdr = max(pkts_sent) / max(pkts_gen)
# pdr = nrProcessed / float(sent)
# print("Packet Delivery Rate (PDR):", pdr)
print("Packet Delivery Rate (PDR):", pdr)
# save experiment data into a dat file that can be read by e.g. gnuplot
# name of file would be: exp0.dat for experiment 0
fname = "exp" + str(experiment) + ".dat"
print(fname)
if os.path.isfile(fname):
res = "\n" + str(nrNodes) + " " + str(nrCollisions) + " " + str(sent) + " " + str(energy) + " " + str(
Up) + " " + str(pdr) + " " + str(der2)
else:
res = "#nrNodes nrCollisions nrTransmissions OverallEnergy Up PDR DER2\n" + str(nrNodes) + " " + str(
nrCollisions) + " " + str(sent) + " " + str(energy) + " " + str(Up) + " " + str(pdr) + " " + str(der2)
with open(fname, "a") as myfile: