diff --git a/openraft/src/core/raft_core.rs b/openraft/src/core/raft_core.rs
index 629126cac..322c88886 100644
--- a/openraft/src/core/raft_core.rs
+++ b/openraft/src/core/raft_core.rs
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ where
         &mut self,
         changes: ChangeMembers<C::NodeId, C::Node>,
         retain: bool,
-        tx: ResultSender<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, ClientWriteResponse<C>, ClientWriteError<C::NodeId, C::Node>>,
+        tx: ResultSender<C, ClientWriteResponse<C>, ClientWriteError<C::NodeId, C::Node>>,
     ) {
         let res = self.engine.state.membership_state.change_handler().apply(changes, retain);
         let new_membership = match res {
@@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ where
     pub(crate) fn handle_initialize(
         &mut self,
         member_nodes: BTreeMap<C::NodeId, C::Node>,
-        tx: ResultSender<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, (), InitializeError<C::NodeId, C::Node>>,
+        tx: ResultSender<C, (), InitializeError<C::NodeId, C::Node>>,
     ) {
         tracing::debug!(member_nodes = debug(&member_nodes), "{}", func_name!());
 
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ where
     #[tracing::instrument(level = "trace", skip(self, tx))]
     pub(crate) fn reject_with_forward_to_leader<T: OptionalSend, E: OptionalSend>(
         &self,
-        tx: ResultSender<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, T, E>,
+        tx: ResultSender<C, T, E>,
     ) where
         E: From<ForwardToLeader<C::NodeId, C::Node>>,
     {
@@ -1083,7 +1083,7 @@ where
     pub(super) fn handle_vote_request(
         &mut self,
         req: VoteRequest<C::NodeId>,
-        tx: VoteTx<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, C::NodeId>,
+        tx: VoteTx<C>,
     ) {
         tracing::info!(req = display(req.summary()), func = func_name!());
 
@@ -1098,7 +1098,7 @@ where
     pub(super) fn handle_append_entries_request(
         &mut self,
         req: AppendEntriesRequest<C>,
-        tx: AppendEntriesTx<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, C::NodeId>,
+        tx: AppendEntriesTx<C>,
     ) {
         tracing::debug!(req = display(req.summary()), func = func_name!());
 
diff --git a/openraft/src/core/raft_msg/external_command.rs b/openraft/src/core/raft_msg/external_command.rs
index 666d5bfd2..5714df39c 100644
--- a/openraft/src/core/raft_msg/external_command.rs
+++ b/openraft/src/core/raft_msg/external_command.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 use std::fmt;
 
 use crate::core::raft_msg::ResultSender;
-use crate::type_config::alias::AsyncRuntimeOf;
 use crate::RaftTypeConfig;
 use crate::Snapshot;
 
@@ -24,9 +23,7 @@ pub(crate) enum ExternalCommand<C: RaftTypeConfig> {
     Snapshot,
 
     /// Get a snapshot from the state machine, send back via a oneshot::Sender.
-    GetSnapshot {
-        tx: ResultSender<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, Option<Snapshot<C>>>,
-    },
+    GetSnapshot { tx: ResultSender<C, Option<Snapshot<C>>> },
 
     /// Purge logs covered by a snapshot up to a specified index.
     ///
diff --git a/openraft/src/core/raft_msg/mod.rs b/openraft/src/core/raft_msg/mod.rs
index 39871d134..8c0f2a6df 100644
--- a/openraft/src/core/raft_msg/mod.rs
+++ b/openraft/src/core/raft_msg/mod.rs
@@ -28,26 +28,23 @@ use crate::Vote;
 pub(crate) mod external_command;
 
 /// A oneshot TX to send result from `RaftCore` to external caller, e.g. `Raft::append_entries`.
-pub(crate) type ResultSender<Runtime, T, E = Infallible> = <Runtime as AsyncRuntime>::OneshotSender<Result<T, E>>;
+pub(crate) type ResultSender<C, T, E = Infallible> = <AsyncRuntimeOf<C> as AsyncRuntime>::OneshotSender<Result<T, E>>;
 
-pub(crate) type ResultReceiver<Runtime, T, E = Infallible> = <Runtime as AsyncRuntime>::OneshotReceiver<Result<T, E>>;
+pub(crate) type ResultReceiver<C, T, E = Infallible> =
+    <AsyncRuntimeOf<C> as AsyncRuntime>::OneshotReceiver<Result<T, E>>;
 
 /// TX for Vote Response
-pub(crate) type VoteTx<Runtime, NID> = ResultSender<Runtime, VoteResponse<NID>>;
+pub(crate) type VoteTx<C> = ResultSender<C, VoteResponse<NodeIdOf<C>>>;
 
 /// TX for Append Entries Response
-pub(crate) type AppendEntriesTx<Runtime, NID> = ResultSender<Runtime, AppendEntriesResponse<NID>>;
+pub(crate) type AppendEntriesTx<C> = ResultSender<C, AppendEntriesResponse<NodeIdOf<C>>>;
 
 /// TX for Client Write Response
-pub(crate) type ClientWriteTx<C> =
-    ResultSender<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, ClientWriteResponse<C>, ClientWriteError<NodeIdOf<C>, NodeOf<C>>>;
+pub(crate) type ClientWriteTx<C> = ResultSender<C, ClientWriteResponse<C>, ClientWriteError<NodeIdOf<C>, NodeOf<C>>>;
 
 /// TX for Linearizable Read Response
-pub(crate) type ClientReadTx<C> = ResultSender<
-    AsyncRuntimeOf<C>,
-    (Option<LogIdOf<C>>, Option<LogIdOf<C>>),
-    CheckIsLeaderError<NodeIdOf<C>, NodeOf<C>>,
->;
+pub(crate) type ClientReadTx<C> =
+    ResultSender<C, (Option<LogIdOf<C>>, Option<LogIdOf<C>>), CheckIsLeaderError<NodeIdOf<C>, NodeOf<C>>>;
 
 /// A message sent by application to the [`RaftCore`].
 ///
@@ -57,18 +54,18 @@ where C: RaftTypeConfig
 {
     AppendEntries {
         rpc: AppendEntriesRequest<C>,
-        tx: AppendEntriesTx<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, C::NodeId>,
+        tx: AppendEntriesTx<C>,
     },
 
     RequestVote {
         rpc: VoteRequest<C::NodeId>,
-        tx: VoteTx<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, C::NodeId>,
+        tx: VoteTx<C>,
     },
 
     InstallFullSnapshot {
         vote: Vote<C::NodeId>,
         snapshot: Snapshot<C>,
-        tx: ResultSender<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, SnapshotResponse<C::NodeId>>,
+        tx: ResultSender<C, SnapshotResponse<C::NodeId>>,
     },
 
     /// Begin receiving a snapshot from the leader.
@@ -78,7 +75,7 @@ where C: RaftTypeConfig
     /// will be returned in a Err
     BeginReceivingSnapshot {
         vote: Vote<C::NodeId>,
-        tx: ResultSender<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, Box<SnapshotDataOf<C>>, HigherVote<C::NodeId>>,
+        tx: ResultSender<C, Box<SnapshotDataOf<C>>, HigherVote<C::NodeId>>,
     },
 
     ClientWriteRequest {
@@ -92,7 +89,7 @@ where C: RaftTypeConfig
 
     Initialize {
         members: BTreeMap<C::NodeId, C::Node>,
-        tx: ResultSender<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, (), InitializeError<C::NodeId, C::Node>>,
+        tx: ResultSender<C, (), InitializeError<C::NodeId, C::Node>>,
     },
 
     ChangeMembership {
@@ -102,7 +99,7 @@ where C: RaftTypeConfig
         /// config will be converted into learners, otherwise they will be removed.
         retain: bool,
 
-        tx: ResultSender<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, ClientWriteResponse<C>, ClientWriteError<C::NodeId, C::Node>>,
+        tx: ResultSender<C, ClientWriteResponse<C>, ClientWriteError<C::NodeId, C::Node>>,
     },
 
     ExternalCoreRequest {
diff --git a/openraft/src/core/sm/command.rs b/openraft/src/core/sm/command.rs
index 5930322cf..11ddcf8bc 100644
--- a/openraft/src/core/sm/command.rs
+++ b/openraft/src/core/sm/command.rs
@@ -54,14 +54,12 @@ where C: RaftTypeConfig
         Command::new(payload)
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn get_snapshot(tx: ResultSender<C::AsyncRuntime, Option<Snapshot<C>>>) -> Self {
+    pub(crate) fn get_snapshot(tx: ResultSender<C, Option<Snapshot<C>>>) -> Self {
         let payload = CommandPayload::GetSnapshot { tx };
         Command::new(payload)
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn begin_receiving_snapshot(
-        tx: ResultSender<C::AsyncRuntime, Box<SnapshotDataOf<C>>, HigherVote<C::NodeId>>,
-    ) -> Self {
+    pub(crate) fn begin_receiving_snapshot(tx: ResultSender<C, Box<SnapshotDataOf<C>>, HigherVote<C::NodeId>>) -> Self {
         let payload = CommandPayload::BeginReceivingSnapshot { tx };
         Command::new(payload)
     }
@@ -93,11 +91,11 @@ where C: RaftTypeConfig
 
     /// Get the latest built snapshot.
     GetSnapshot {
-        tx: ResultSender<C::AsyncRuntime, Option<Snapshot<C>>>,
+        tx: ResultSender<C, Option<Snapshot<C>>>,
     },
 
     BeginReceivingSnapshot {
-        tx: ResultSender<C::AsyncRuntime, Box<SnapshotDataOf<C>>, HigherVote<C::NodeId>>,
+        tx: ResultSender<C, Box<SnapshotDataOf<C>>, HigherVote<C::NodeId>>,
     },
 
     InstallFullSnapshot {
diff --git a/openraft/src/core/sm/mod.rs b/openraft/src/core/sm/mod.rs
index 78692202b..736026e9b 100644
--- a/openraft/src/core/sm/mod.rs
+++ b/openraft/src/core/sm/mod.rs
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ use crate::core::ApplyingEntry;
 use crate::entry::RaftPayload;
 use crate::storage::RaftStateMachine;
 use crate::summary::MessageSummary;
-use crate::type_config::alias::AsyncRuntimeOf;
 use crate::AsyncRuntime;
 use crate::RaftLogId;
 use crate::RaftSnapshotBuilder;
@@ -223,7 +222,7 @@ where
     #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all)]
     async fn get_snapshot(
         &mut self,
-        tx: ResultSender<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, Option<Snapshot<C>>>,
+        tx: ResultSender<C, Option<Snapshot<C>>>,
     ) -> Result<(), StorageError<C::NodeId>> {
         tracing::info!("{}", func_name!());
 
diff --git a/openraft/src/engine/engine_impl.rs b/openraft/src/engine/engine_impl.rs
index e79f26993..2cf2074b1 100644
--- a/openraft/src/engine/engine_impl.rs
+++ b/openraft/src/engine/engine_impl.rs
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ use crate::raft::VoteResponse;
 use crate::raft_state::LogStateReader;
 use crate::raft_state::RaftState;
 use crate::summary::MessageSummary;
-use crate::type_config::alias::AsyncRuntimeOf;
 use crate::type_config::alias::SnapshotDataOf;
 use crate::AsyncRuntime;
 use crate::Instant;
@@ -225,8 +224,8 @@ where C: RaftTypeConfig
     #[tracing::instrument(level = "debug", skip_all)]
     pub(crate) fn get_leader_handler_or_reject<T, E>(
         &mut self,
-        tx: Option<ResultSender<C::AsyncRuntime, T, E>>,
-    ) -> Option<(LeaderHandler<C>, Option<ResultSender<C::AsyncRuntime, T, E>>)>
+        tx: Option<ResultSender<C, T, E>>,
+    ) -> Option<(LeaderHandler<C>, Option<ResultSender<C, T, E>>)>
     where
         T: OptionalSend,
         E: OptionalSend,
@@ -396,7 +395,7 @@ where C: RaftTypeConfig
         vote: &Vote<C::NodeId>,
         prev_log_id: Option<LogId<C::NodeId>>,
         entries: Vec<C::Entry>,
-        tx: Option<AppendEntriesTx<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, C::NodeId>>,
+        tx: Option<AppendEntriesTx<C>>,
     ) -> bool {
         tracing::debug!(
             vote = display(vote),
@@ -459,7 +458,7 @@ where C: RaftTypeConfig
         &mut self,
         vote: Vote<C::NodeId>,
         snapshot: Snapshot<C>,
-        tx: ResultSender<C::AsyncRuntime, SnapshotResponse<C::NodeId>>,
+        tx: ResultSender<C, SnapshotResponse<C::NodeId>>,
     ) {
         tracing::info!(vote = display(vote), snapshot = display(&snapshot), "{}", func_name!());
 
@@ -492,7 +491,7 @@ where C: RaftTypeConfig
     pub(crate) fn handle_begin_receiving_snapshot(
         &mut self,
         vote: Vote<C::NodeId>,
-        tx: ResultSender<C::AsyncRuntime, Box<SnapshotDataOf<C>>, HigherVote<C::NodeId>>,
+        tx: ResultSender<C, Box<SnapshotDataOf<C>>, HigherVote<C::NodeId>>,
     ) {
         tracing::info!(vote = display(vote), "{}", func_name!());
 
diff --git a/openraft/src/engine/handler/vote_handler/mod.rs b/openraft/src/engine/handler/vote_handler/mod.rs
index 8a3ffe87d..b43dca8a8 100644
--- a/openraft/src/engine/handler/vote_handler/mod.rs
+++ b/openraft/src/engine/handler/vote_handler/mod.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ use crate::error::RejectVoteRequest;
 use crate::internal_server_state::InternalServerState;
 use crate::leader::Leading;
 use crate::raft_state::LogStateReader;
-use crate::type_config::alias::AsyncRuntimeOf;
 use crate::utime::UTime;
 use crate::AsyncRuntime;
 use crate::Instant;
@@ -52,9 +51,9 @@ where C: RaftTypeConfig
     pub(crate) fn accept_vote<T, E, F>(
         &mut self,
         vote: &Vote<C::NodeId>,
-        tx: ResultSender<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, T, E>,
+        tx: ResultSender<C, T, E>,
         f: F,
-    ) -> Option<ResultSender<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, T, E>>
+    ) -> Option<ResultSender<C, T, E>>
     where
         T: Debug + Eq + OptionalSend,
         E: Debug + Eq + OptionalSend,
diff --git a/openraft/src/replication/mod.rs b/openraft/src/replication/mod.rs
index a02e00b33..d716b5c93 100644
--- a/openraft/src/replication/mod.rs
+++ b/openraft/src/replication/mod.rs
@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ where
     #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all)]
     async fn stream_snapshot(
         &mut self,
-        snapshot_rx: DataWithId<ResultReceiver<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, Option<Snapshot<C>>>>,
+        snapshot_rx: DataWithId<ResultReceiver<C, Option<Snapshot<C>>>>,
     ) -> Result<Option<Data<C>>, ReplicationError<C::NodeId, C::Node>> {
         let request_id = snapshot_rx.request_id();
         let rx = snapshot_rx.into_data();
diff --git a/openraft/src/replication/request.rs b/openraft/src/replication/request.rs
index c145627a9..ee2ad6d07 100644
--- a/openraft/src/replication/request.rs
+++ b/openraft/src/replication/request.rs
@@ -22,10 +22,7 @@ where C: RaftTypeConfig
         Self::Data(Data::new_logs(id, log_id_range))
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn snapshot(
-        id: Option<u64>,
-        snapshot_rx: ResultReceiver<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, Option<Snapshot<C>>>,
-    ) -> Self {
+    pub(crate) fn snapshot(id: Option<u64>, snapshot_rx: ResultReceiver<C, Option<Snapshot<C>>>) -> Self {
         Self::Data(Data::new_snapshot(id, snapshot_rx))
     }
 
@@ -59,7 +56,6 @@ use crate::error::StreamingError;
 use crate::log_id_range::LogIdRange;
 use crate::raft::SnapshotResponse;
 use crate::replication::callbacks::SnapshotCallback;
-use crate::type_config::alias::AsyncRuntimeOf;
 use crate::type_config::alias::InstantOf;
 use crate::LogId;
 use crate::MessageSummary;
@@ -77,7 +73,7 @@ where C: RaftTypeConfig
 {
     Heartbeat,
     Logs(DataWithId<LogIdRange<C::NodeId>>),
-    Snapshot(DataWithId<ResultReceiver<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, Option<Snapshot<C>>>>),
+    Snapshot(DataWithId<ResultReceiver<C, Option<Snapshot<C>>>>),
     SnapshotCallback(DataWithId<SnapshotCallback<C>>),
 }
 
@@ -152,10 +148,7 @@ where C: RaftTypeConfig
         Self::Logs(DataWithId::new(request_id, log_id_range))
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn new_snapshot(
-        request_id: Option<u64>,
-        snapshot_rx: ResultReceiver<AsyncRuntimeOf<C>, Option<Snapshot<C>>>,
-    ) -> Self {
+    pub(crate) fn new_snapshot(request_id: Option<u64>, snapshot_rx: ResultReceiver<C, Option<Snapshot<C>>>) -> Self {
         Self::Snapshot(DataWithId::new(request_id, snapshot_rx))
     }