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Useful_Commands_in_Windows.md

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The Windows operating system features over 280 commands for CMD (Command Prompt). Some commands are specific to Windows servers, while others are available for desktop versions. In both cases, CMD commands communicate directly with the OS and allow to perform various IT automation tasks.

Common CMD Commands and Their Uses

File and Directory Management

1. dir

  • Use: Displays a list of files and directories in the current directory.

2. cd or chdir

  • Use: Changes the current directory.

3. cls

  • Use: Clears the command prompt screen.

4. mkdir or md

  • Use: Creates a new directory.

5. rmdir or rd

  • Use: Removes an empty directory.

6. rename or ren

  • Use: Renames a file or directory.

File Creation and Editing

7. echo

  • Use: Displays messages or turns command echoing on/off.
  • File Creation Example: Create a new file and add text: 
    echo Your content goes here > C:\path\to\folder\filename.txt
  • File Creation (Empty): 
    echo. > C:\path\to\folder\filename.txt

8. type

  • Use: Displays the contents of a text file. 
    type C:\path\to\folder\filename.txt

9. copy

  • Use: Copies files from one location to another. 
    copy C:\path\to\source\file.txt C:\path\to\folder\file.txt

File Deletion and Manipulation

10. del

  • Use: Deletes one or more files. 
    del C:\path\to\folder\filename.txt

11. move

  • Use: Moves files from one directory to another. 
    move C:\path\to\folder\file1.txt C:\path\to\new\folder

12. xcopy

  • Use: Copies files and directories, including subdirectories. 
    xcopy C:\path\to\folder\ C:\path\to\destination\ /s /e

System and Network Utilities

13. ipconfig

  • Use: Displays network configuration information.

14. ping

  • Use: Tests network connectivity to a remote system.

15. netstat

  • Use: Displays active network connections and listening ports.

Process Management

16. tasklist

  • Use: Displays a list of currently running processes.

17. taskkill

  • Use: Terminates a running process.

System Information and Maintenance

18. chkdsk

  • Use: Checks the disk for errors and repairs them.

19. sfc /scannow

  • Use: Scans and repairs system files.

20. shutdown

  • Use: Shuts down or restarts the computer.

21. systeminfo

  • Use: Displays detailed system information.

Time and Date

22. time

  • Use: Displays or sets the system time.

23. date

  • Use: Displays or sets the system date.

Networking and User Management

24. net user

  • Use: Displays or modifies user accounts.

25. net start

  • Use: Starts a network service.

26. net stop

  • Use: Stops a network service.

Miscellaneous

27. hostname

  • Use: Displays the computer's hostname.

28. tree

  • Use: Displays the directory structure of a drive or path.

29. attrib

  • Use: Displays or changes file attributes.

30. fc

  • Use: Compares two files and displays differences.