diff --git a/acta-palaeontologica-polonica.csl b/acta-palaeontologica-polonica.csl
index 9d117ed369..91a25d235c 100644
--- a/acta-palaeontologica-polonica.csl
+++ b/acta-palaeontologica-polonica.csl
@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@
   </info>
   <macro name="author">
     <names variable="author" suffix=".">
-      <name sort-separator=", " initialize-with="." and="text" name-as-sort-order="all" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never" form="long"></name>
+      <name sort-separator=", " initialize-with="." and="text" name-as-sort-order="all" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never" form="long"/>
     </names>
   </macro>
   <macro name="editor">
     <names variable="editor">
-      <name sort-separator=", " initialize-with="." and="text" name-as-sort-order="all" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"></name>
+      <name sort-separator=", " initialize-with="." and="text" name-as-sort-order="all" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"/>
       <label form="short" prefix=" (" suffix=".)"/>
     </names>
   </macro>
diff --git a/apa-annotated-bibliography.csl b/apa-annotated-bibliography.csl
index c35e3446a6..61f036bfad 100644
--- a/apa-annotated-bibliography.csl
+++ b/apa-annotated-bibliography.csl
@@ -491,18 +491,18 @@
       </else-if>
       <else-if type="legislation treaty" match="any">
         <!-- Legislation and treaties not italicized or quoted -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else-if type="post webpage" match="any">
         <!-- Webpages are always italicized -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else-if variable="container-title" match="any">
         <!-- Other types are italicized or quoted based on presence of container-title. As in title macro. -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" quotes="true" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" quotes="true" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else>
-        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
       </else>
     </choose>
   </macro>
diff --git a/apa-no-ampersand.csl b/apa-no-ampersand.csl
index bea8e85d77..fccc529e73 100644
--- a/apa-no-ampersand.csl
+++ b/apa-no-ampersand.csl
@@ -491,18 +491,18 @@
       </else-if>
       <else-if type="legislation treaty" match="any">
         <!-- Legislation and treaties not italicized or quoted -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else-if type="post webpage" match="any">
         <!-- Webpages are always italicized -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else-if variable="container-title" match="any">
         <!-- Other types are italicized or quoted based on presence of container-title. As in title macro. -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" quotes="true" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" quotes="true" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else>
-        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
       </else>
     </choose>
   </macro>
diff --git a/apa-single-spaced.csl b/apa-single-spaced.csl
index 56b775bf8c..ed77d19423 100644
--- a/apa-single-spaced.csl
+++ b/apa-single-spaced.csl
@@ -491,18 +491,18 @@
       </else-if>
       <else-if type="legislation treaty" match="any">
         <!-- Legislation and treaties not italicized or quoted -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else-if type="post webpage" match="any">
         <!-- Webpages are always italicized -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else-if variable="container-title" match="any">
         <!-- Other types are italicized or quoted based on presence of container-title. As in title macro. -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" quotes="true" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" quotes="true" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else>
-        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
       </else>
     </choose>
   </macro>
diff --git a/apa-with-abstract.csl b/apa-with-abstract.csl
index 2b6c03d857..52644ea5b4 100644
--- a/apa-with-abstract.csl
+++ b/apa-with-abstract.csl
@@ -491,18 +491,18 @@
       </else-if>
       <else-if type="legislation treaty" match="any">
         <!-- Legislation and treaties not italicized or quoted -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else-if type="post webpage" match="any">
         <!-- Webpages are always italicized -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else-if variable="container-title" match="any">
         <!-- Other types are italicized or quoted based on presence of container-title. As in title macro. -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" quotes="true" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" quotes="true" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else>
-        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
       </else>
     </choose>
   </macro>
diff --git a/apa.csl b/apa.csl
index 0c788c2148..b2f1abe7db 100644
--- a/apa.csl
+++ b/apa.csl
@@ -491,18 +491,18 @@
       </else-if>
       <else-if type="legislation treaty" match="any">
         <!-- Legislation and treaties not italicized or quoted -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else-if type="post webpage" match="any">
         <!-- Webpages are always italicized -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else-if variable="container-title" match="any">
         <!-- Other types are italicized or quoted based on presence of container-title. As in title macro. -->
-        <text variable="title" form="short" quotes="true" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" quotes="true" text-case="title"/>
       </else-if>
       <else>
-        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title" />
+        <text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
       </else>
     </choose>
   </macro>
diff --git a/associacao-brasileira-de-normas-tecnicas-ufrgs-note-initials-with-ibid.csl b/associacao-brasileira-de-normas-tecnicas-ufrgs-note-initials-with-ibid.csl
index 32ba925002..5d83fd8bff 100644
--- a/associacao-brasileira-de-normas-tecnicas-ufrgs-note-initials-with-ibid.csl
+++ b/associacao-brasileira-de-normas-tecnicas-ufrgs-note-initials-with-ibid.csl
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
   <macro name="translator">
     <text value="Traducao "/>
     <names variable="translator" delimiter="; ">
-      <name delimiter="; " sort-separator=" " delimiter-precedes-last="always"></name>
+      <name delimiter="; " sort-separator=" " delimiter-precedes-last="always"/>
     </names>
   </macro>
   <macro name="author">
diff --git a/associacao-brasileira-de-normas-tecnicas.csl b/associacao-brasileira-de-normas-tecnicas.csl
index 089a5641f3..b5a81548db 100644
--- a/associacao-brasileira-de-normas-tecnicas.csl
+++ b/associacao-brasileira-de-normas-tecnicas.csl
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ autores, exceto em arquivos do tipo 'artigo de jornal, artigo de revista, artigo
           <if variable="publisher-place">
             <text variable="publisher-place" suffix=": "/>
           </if>
-          <else-if type="entry-encyclopedia"></else-if>
+          <else-if type="entry-encyclopedia"/>
           <else>
             <text value="[s.l.] "/>
           </else>
diff --git a/harvard-stellenbosch-university.csl b/harvard-stellenbosch-university.csl
index 37c874c844..f962a4ca09 100644
--- a/harvard-stellenbosch-university.csl
+++ b/harvard-stellenbosch-university.csl
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@
       <text variable="publisher"/>
     </group>
   </macro>
-  <citation disambiguate-add-year-suffix="true" year-suffix-delimiter="," disambiguate-add-names="true" disambiguate-add-givenname="false" collapse="year-suffix" et-al-min="4" et-al-use-first="3"  et-al-subsequent-min="3" et-al-subsequent-use-first="1">
+  <citation disambiguate-add-year-suffix="true" year-suffix-delimiter="," disambiguate-add-names="true" disambiguate-add-givenname="false" collapse="year-suffix" et-al-min="4" et-al-use-first="3" et-al-subsequent-min="3" et-al-subsequent-use-first="1">
     <sort>
       <key macro="author"/>
       <key macro="date-issued-no-parentheses"/>
diff --git a/pediatric-infectious-disease-journal.csl b/pediatric-infectious-disease-journal.csl
index b2c063db87..a06dae9b73 100644
--- a/pediatric-infectious-disease-journal.csl
+++ b/pediatric-infectious-disease-journal.csl
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     <title-short>PIDJ</title-short>
     <id>http://www.zotero.org/styles/pediatric-infectious-disease-journal</id>
     <link href="http://www.zotero.org/styles/pediatric-infectious-disease-journal" rel="self"/>
-    <link href="http://www.zotero.org/styles/american-medical-association" rel="template"/>    
+    <link href="http://www.zotero.org/styles/american-medical-association" rel="template"/>
     <link href="http://edmgr.ovid.com/pidj/accounts/ifauth.htm" rel="documentation"/>
     <author>
       <name>Felipe Reyes Z.</name>