From d1b10fdd1002763fbd6ecbe4659013abc4286768 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: jcrayb
Date: Sat, 18 Jan 2025 11:11:27 -0600
Subject: [PATCH] fixed links in dyn and sta
---
src/pages/dyn/particle_kinematics.astro | 30 ++++++------
src/pages/dyn/particle_kinetics.astro | 8 ++--
src/pages/dyn/vector_calculus.astro | 18 +++----
src/pages/dyn/vectors.astro | 62 ++++++++++++-------------
src/pages/sta/vectors_scalars.astro | 14 +++---
5 files changed, 66 insertions(+), 66 deletions(-)
diff --git a/src/pages/dyn/particle_kinematics.astro b/src/pages/dyn/particle_kinematics.astro
index 0f5b81af..46ba3dc6 100644
--- a/src/pages/dyn/particle_kinematics.astro
+++ b/src/pages/dyn/particle_kinematics.astro
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Velocity and acceleration in the polar basis. Compare to
- Figure #rkv-fa. Observe that
+ Figure #rkv-fa. Observe that
are not related to the path
(not tangent, not in the direction of movement), but
rather are defined only by the position vector. Note also
@@ -456,12 +456,12 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Using the same approach as #rvc-em we write and differentiate this and use #rvc-em we write and differentiate this and use rkr-ew to find:
- Comparing this to #rvc-em
+ Comparing this to #rvc-em
shows that the two components are the projection and the
complementary projection, respectively.
@@ -617,7 +617,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Using #rkr-el and the scalar
triple product formula #rvi-es gives:
+ href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_product">#rvi-es gives:
@@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
We first consider the dot product and show that this is not changing with
time. We do this by using the scalar triple product
- formula #rvi-es to find:
+ formula #rvi-es to find:
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
These equations are definitions of the basis vectors, so
the only thing to derive is the alternative formula for
. Using the definition of above
- and #rvc-eu, we see that
+ and #rvc-eu, we see that
@@ -824,7 +824,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Now the basis vector derivatives are given by the cross
product by from #rkr-ew, so we can evaluate
+ href="#rkr-ew">#rkr-ew, so we can evaluate
the expressions #rkt-ek for
curvature and torsion to give:
@@ -857,7 +857,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
We can use the expression #rkt-ew
for together with #rkr-ew to find the basis
+ href="#rkr-ew">#rkr-ew to find the basis
vector derivatives:
@@ -945,7 +945,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
direction of , that
does not depend
on the magnitude of , and equation #rvv-em for the magnitude of
+ href="#rvv-em">#rvv-em for the magnitude of
the complementary projection.
@@ -1086,7 +1086,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
. At the current instant when the particles
are at the same position, this means that and . Using the
circular motion expressions #rke-ec we have that the
+ href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular_motion" target="_blank">#rke-ec we have that the
velocity of \(Q\) is:
@@ -1179,7 +1179,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
where we used the cross product length formula #rvv-el and equation #rvv-el and equation #rkt-er for the radius of curvature
. By definition #rkt-ek the
curvature is , so
@@ -1218,12 +1218,12 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Use equation #rkt‑e2 and parametrize the curve using \(x\) as the parametrization variable. Namely:
+ href="#rkt-e2">#rkt‑e2 and parametrize the curve using \(x\) as the parametrization variable. Namely:
This yields a very elegant expression, as and , which lets us arrive at the desired expression #rkt‑e3.
+ href="#rkt-e3">#rkt‑e3.
@@ -1595,8 +1595,8 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
diff --git a/src/pages/dyn/particle_kinetics.astro b/src/pages/dyn/particle_kinetics.astro
index 2bafeeb2..60ef2cbd 100644
--- a/src/pages/dyn/particle_kinetics.astro
+++ b/src/pages/dyn/particle_kinetics.astro
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ import DisplayTable from "../../components/DisplayTable.astro"
2. Kinematics: Using the polar
basis acceleration equation #rkv-ep gives:
+ href="/dyn/particle_kinematics#rkv-ep">#rkv-ep gives:
@@ -446,8 +446,8 @@ import DisplayTable from "../../components/DisplayTable.astro"
@@ -611,7 +611,7 @@ import DisplayTable from "../../components/DisplayTable.astro"
class="seq-toggle:avb-fp-c:fbd" onclick="avb_fp_c.stepSequence('fbd')">free body diagram
is visible. Now increase the speed of the bus to produce a
centripetal acceleration. Newton's law implies that there
+ href="/sta/introduction#rkn-en">Newton's law implies that there
must be a centripetal friction force producing this
acceleration. As the speed increases, we will eventually
reach a point when the friction force required is too large
diff --git a/src/pages/dyn/vector_calculus.astro b/src/pages/dyn/vector_calculus.astro
index cf4ab238..f67a8d99 100644
--- a/src/pages/dyn/vector_calculus.astro
+++ b/src/pages/dyn/vector_calculus.astro
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
product or scalar product) is defined by
-
+
An alternative expression for the dot product can be
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Using the coordinate expression #rvv-es gives:
+ href="#rvv-es">#rvv-es gives:
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Using the coordinate expression #rvv-es gives:
+ href="#rvv-es">#rvv-es gives:
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Using the coordinate expression #rvv-es gives:
+ href="#rvv-es">#rvv-es gives:
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
- Using Lagrange's identity we can calculate:
+ Using Lagrange's identity we can calculate:
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Writing the component expression #rvv-ex gives:
+ href="#rvv-ex">#rvv-ex gives:
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Writing the component expression #rvv-ex for the first
+ href="#rvv-ex">#rvv-ex for the first
equation gives:
@@ -581,8 +581,8 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
When we differentiate a vector by differentiating each
component and leaving the basis vectors unchanged, we
are assuming that the basis vectors themselves are not
- changing with time. If they are, then we need to take this into account as
+ changing with time. If they are, then we need to
+ take this into account as
well.
diff --git a/src/pages/dyn/vectors.astro b/src/pages/dyn/vectors.astro
index 46176ab2..0a5682a7 100644
--- a/src/pages/dyn/vectors.astro
+++ b/src/pages/dyn/vectors.astro
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
coordinate system we are using, and which order the
coordinates are in. We will typically write the coordinate
values explicitly to avoid confusion. This also applies to
- vector components.
+ vector components.
@@ -215,8 +215,8 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
The two common extensions of polar coordinates to 3D are
- cylindrical coordinates and spherical coordinates.
+ cylindrical coordinates and spherical coordinates.
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
To define polar coordinates, we relate them to another known
coordinate system, typically Cartesian coordinates as
follows, where we use the atan2 function.
+ href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atan2" target="_blank">atan2 function.
@@ -450,8 +450,8 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
- Just as for position
- coordinates, we can write the vector components
+ Just as for position
+ coordinates, we can write the vector components
\(3\hat\imath + 2\hat\jmath\) as the ordered list \((3, 2)\)
if we know which basis we are using. Because we often will
be using several bases simultaneously, we will generally
@@ -745,8 +745,8 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Compute the cross product
using: (1) the angle formula #rvv-el; (2) the component formula
- #rvv-ex with
+ href="/dyn/vector_calculus#rvv-el">#rvv-el; (2) the component formula
+ #rvv-ex with
both in the basis, both in the
basis, and with in the
basis and in the
@@ -758,13 +758,13 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
(1) The dot product is
and the vector lengths are \(a = 3.6\) and \(b = 3.2\),
so \(\cos\theta = 7 / (ab)\) and \(\theta \approx
- 53^\circ\). Now using #rvv-el
+ 53^\circ\). Now using #rvv-el
gives:
(2) Using the component formula #rvv-ex gives:
+ href="/dyn/vector_calculus#rvv-ex">#rvv-ex gives:
@@ -773,7 +773,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
- Equation #rvv-ed makes
+ Equation #rvv-ed makes
it clear that the dot product does not depend on
which basis we use to write and
, so long as we use the same
@@ -785,14 +785,14 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
However, we can also verify directly that the component
- equation #rvv-es for the dot
+ equation #rvv-es for the dot
product does not depend on which basis we use. To keep
the algebra short, we will only do this in 2D.
We compute the dot product using #rvv-es in the
- $\hat\imath,\hat\jmath$ basis and substitute in the
+ href="/dyn/vector_calculus#rvv-es">#rvv-es in the
+ \(\hat\imath,\hat\jmath\) basis and substitute in the
change-of-basis expressions #rvv-eg, giving:
@@ -872,7 +872,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
We start with the dot product expression #rvv-ed for length and
+ href="/dyn/vector_calculus#rvv-ed">#rvv-ed for length and
differentiate it:
@@ -881,14 +881,14 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
We take the definition #rvv-eu for the unit vector
+ href="/dyn/vector_calculus#rvv-eu">#rvv-eu for the unit vector
and differentiate it:
Here we observed at the end that we had the expression
- #rvv-em for the
+ #rvv-em for the
complementary projection of the derivative
with respect to itself.
@@ -905,14 +905,14 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
From #rvc-eu we know that
is in the direction of
, and from
- #rvv-er we know that this
+ #rvv-er we know that this
is orthogonal to (and also ).
Recall that we can always write a vector as the product of its length and
+ href="/dyn/vector_calculus#rvv-ei">product of its length and
direction, so . This gives the
following decomposition of the derivative of .
@@ -920,7 +920,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Differentiating and substituting
- in #rvv-el and #rvv-el and #rvv-eu gives
@@ -943,7 +943,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Vector derivatives can be decomposed into length changes
(projection onto ) and direction changes
(complementary projection). Compare to Figure #rvv-fu.
+ href="/dyn/vector_calculus#rvv-fu">#rvv-fu.
@@ -1059,7 +1059,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Spherical coordinates are defined with respect to a set of
Cartesian coordinates, and can be converted to and from
these coordinates using the atan2 function as follows.
+ href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atan2" target="_blank">atan2 function as follows.
@@ -1074,7 +1074,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
To convert from Cartesian coordinates, we use the same
projection and read off the expressions for the
spherical coordinates. This uses the atan2 function to handle the
+ href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atan2" target="_blank">atan2 function to handle the
different quadrants for \(\theta\).
@@ -1449,7 +1449,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Geographic coordinates are typically given
- in spherical coordinates, but without
+ in spherical coordinates, but without
the radius and with the angles given
in degrees,
minutes, and seconds, with the latitude first, and the
@@ -1481,8 +1481,8 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
@@ -1517,8 +1517,8 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
the origin. The shortest distance calculation thus reduces
to finding the angle between the vectors and
, which can be easily done by finding their dot product after changing them
- to rectangular coordinates.
+ href="/sta/vector_calculus#rvv-sd">dot product after changing them
+ to rectangular coordinates.
@@ -1633,7 +1633,7 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
Given any two points and on the surface of the
Earth, we choose coordinate axes and use spherical coordinates so that is at
+ href="#spherical_coordinates">spherical coordinates so that is at
and is at
. Here is
the radius of the Earth and . The
@@ -1658,14 +1658,14 @@ import InlineCanvas from "../../components/InlineCanvas.astro"
To switch from rectangular to spherical coordinates we use
- the conversion:
+ the conversion:
Differentiating these expressions and substituting (or using
- the spherical velocity
+ the spherical velocity
expression) gives the path length expression:
diff --git a/src/pages/sta/vectors_scalars.astro b/src/pages/sta/vectors_scalars.astro
index 72f5cda1..094198fd 100644
--- a/src/pages/sta/vectors_scalars.astro
+++ b/src/pages/sta/vectors_scalars.astro
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ Alternatively, the vector components can be determined geometrically via the ang
product or scalar product) is defined by
-
+
An alternative expression for the dot product can be
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ Alternatively, the vector components can be determined geometrically via the ang
Using the coordinate expression #rvv-es gives:
+ href="#rvv-es">#rvv-es gives:
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ Alternatively, the vector components can be determined geometrically via the ang
Using the coordinate expression #rvv-es gives:
+ href="#rvv-es">#rvv-es gives:
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ Alternatively, the vector components can be determined geometrically via the ang
Using the coordinate expression #rvv-es gives:
+ href="#rvv-es">#rvv-es gives:
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ Alternatively, the vector components can be determined geometrically via the ang
- Using Lagrange's identity we can calculate:
+ Using Lagrange's identity we can calculate:
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ Alternatively, the vector components can be determined geometrically via the ang
Writing the component expression #rvv-ex gives:
+ href="#rvv-ex">#rvv-ex gives:
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ Alternatively, the vector components can be determined geometrically via the ang
Writing the component expression #rvv-ex for the first
+ href="#rvv-ex">#rvv-ex for the first
equation gives: